Three-Horned Chameleons in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park
Bwindi Impenetrable National Park is famous for its mountain gorillas, but it is also home to an incredible variety of wildlife, including the rare three-horned chameleon (Trioceros johnstoni). This fascinating reptile, also known as Johnston’s Chameleon, is one of the most sought-after creatures for nature lovers and photographers exploring Uganda’s montane forests.
What Makes the Three-Horned Chameleon Unique?
This chameleon stands out due to its striking features:
- Three Prominent Horns – Males have three distinctive horns on their heads, resembling a miniature triceratops. Females usually lack these horns.
- Color Changing Ability – Like other chameleons, it can change colors depending on mood, temperature, and surroundings.
- Prehensile Tail – Its tail helps in climbing trees, providing balance and support.
- Slow, Calculated Movements – It moves in a swaying motion, mimicking leaves to avoid predators.
- Projectile Tongue – It has a long, sticky tongue that shoots out to capture prey like insects and small invertebrates.
Where to Find Three-Horned Chameleons in Bwindi
These chameleons are typically found in:
- The Buhoma Sector – This is a good location for spotting them on tree branches along nature trails.
- The Ruhija Sector – A high-altitude area where these reptiles are more common, especially after rainfall.
- Along Forest Edges – The chameleons prefer dense vegetation and can often be seen along pathways and in shrubs near lodges.
Best Time to Spot Three-Horned Chameleons
- Early Mornings and Late Evenings – They are more active during cooler hours.
- After Rainfall – They emerge to bask in the sun, making them easier to see.
- Dry Seasons (June to August & December to February) – Trails are easier to navigate, and the chameleons are more visible.
Conservation Status and Threats
The three-horned chameleon is classified as Near Threatened due to habitat destruction, climate change, and illegal pet trade. Conservation efforts in Bwindi help protect this species, ensuring it remains a vital part of the park’s biodiversity.
Tips for Spotting and Photographing Three-Horned Chameleons
- Look Carefully at Tree Branches and Leaves. Their camouflage makes them difficult to see.
- Use a headlamp or flashlight at night. Their pale nighttime coloration makes them more visible in the dark.
- Move slowly and quietly—sudden movements can scare them away.
- Respect Their Space: Do not touch or disturb them, as they are delicate creatures.
Plan Your Trip to See the Three-Horned Chameleons
If you are a reptile enthusiast or a photographer, include a guided nature walk in your Bwindi itinerary. Local guides are experienced in spotting these elusive creatures and can lead you to the best locations.
Bwindi Impenetrable National Park is not just about gorillas—it offers an incredible variety of wildlife, including the rare and fascinating three-horned chameleon. A keen eye and a bit of patience will reward you with a sighting of one of Uganda’s most unique reptiles!
